1. Chlorine disinfectant
1. Concept:
A chlorine-containing disinfectant is a type of halogen-based disinfectant, and is a disinfectant that dissolves in water to produce hypochlorous acid.
2. Disinfection mechanism:
It mainly includes the oxidation of hypochlorous acid, the oxidation of nascent oxygen and chlorination. Oxidation not only interacts with the cell wall of the microorganism, but also enters the cell and oxidizes with the active group to inactivate it. Chlorination can cause cell wall or cell membrane substitution reaction, leading to cell death.
3. Classification:
Divided into inorganic and organic.
Inorganic bleaching powder and bleaching powder. The organic type is usually dichloroisocyanuric acid (sodium).
The main component of the bleaching powder is calcium hypochlorite, containing 25%-32% of available chlorine, soluble in water, said to be turbid, with a large amount of precipitation; poor stability.
The main component of bleaching powder is calcium hypochlorite, containing 80%-85% of available chlorine, soluble in water, with a small amount of precipitation; good stability.
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (Yu chlorine net) has an effective chlorine content of 60% to 64.5%, and is easily soluble in water; its performance is stable.
4. Advantages:
The advantages are good sterilization effect, wide application range, low price and convenient use.
Second, the difference between chlorine dioxide sterilization and chlorine preparation sterilization for lower organisms and higher organisms
Since bacteria, viruses, and fungi are all low-level organisms of single cells, their enzymes are distributed on the surface of the membrane, and it is easy to receive attack and inactivation of chlorine dioxide.
Human and higher animal cell enzymes are hidden in the organelles and protected by a protective system. Chlorine dioxide is difficult to directly contact with the enzyme system. Even if chlorine dioxide can penetrate the cell membrane, it is quickly made by the electrons provided by the cell protection system. Chlorine dioxide loses its oxidizing function to electrons, thereby avoiding the attack damage of chlorine dioxide to the enzyme system.
The chlorination of the chlorine preparation can destroy the permeability of the cell membrane and inhibit the respiratory enzyme system in the cell, which is the inactivation of the phosphotransferase. These effects are not significantly different between microorganisms and higher animal cells, indicating that chlorination can also be harmful to the health of any animal while sterilizing.
Comparison of performance of chlorine dioxide and chlorine disinfectant
1. Security:
The chlorine dioxide disinfectant itself is non-toxic and does not produce toxic substances during disinfection, especially the ‘three-' substances, which are green environmental disinfectants;
The chlorine disinfectant itself is a moderately toxic disinfectant, and during the disinfection process, it also reacts with organic matter to form a 'triple' substance such as chloroform, trichloroacetic acid, furan, etc., and has a residue.
2. Sterilization effect:
Chlorine dioxide is a highly effective disinfectant that kills all microorganisms. Its theoretical bactericidal power is 2.6 times that of chlorine (or hypochlorite). The actual bactericidal power is 5-10 times that of chlorine, and the temperature and pH are Organic matter has little effect on its bactericidal effect;
Chlorine preparation is a medium-efficiency disinfectant, which only acts on certain microorganisms, and has drug resistance, and the sterilization effect is greatly affected by temperature, pH and organic matter.
3. The process of use:
The chlorine dioxide disinfectant has a small concentration and a soft odor, and has almost no corrosion to the device, and is not irritating to the skin, and may not be washed after use;
The chlorine preparation disinfectant has a large concentration, strong odor, strong corrosiveness to the equipment, and strong irritating effect on the skin. After use, a large amount of washing water is needed, which is easy to remain.
4. Stability (shelf life):
Chlorine dioxide disinfectant has a long shelf life of up to 12 months;
The stability of the chlorine preparation is poor, and the half-life of the hypochlorite product such as sodium hypochlorite is only three months.
Fourth, the advantages of chlorine dioxide disinfectant
1. Broad-spectrum: bacteria that can kill viruses, bacteria, protists, algae, fungi and various spores and spores;
2, high efficiency: 0.1ppm can kill all bacterial propagules and many pathogenic bacteria, 50ppm can completely kill the bacterial propagule,
Hepatitis virus, bacteriophage and bacterial spores;
3, affected by temperature and ammonia is small: the sterilization effect is basically the same at low temperature and higher temperature;
4. Wide application range of PH: It can maintain high sterilization efficiency in the range of PH2-10;
5, safe and no residue: no chlorination reaction with organic matter, no tertiary substances and other toxic substances;
6, no stimulation to the human body and other advantages: below 500ppm, its impact can be ignored, below 100ppm has no effect on people.
